Element 56: barium

1, hordhac aasaasiga ahBarium,
Albaline Element Element Element Element Dhulka, oo leh astaanta kiimikada ee BA, waxay ku taalaa koox IIA muddadii lixaad ee miiska xilliyada. Waa nin jilicsan oo jilicsan oo bir ah oo bir ah oo bir ah iyo sheyga ugu firfircoon ee ka jira biraha dhulka dushiisa. Magaca element wuxuu ka yimaadaa Ereyga Griigga Beta Alpha Alpha ah (haryas), oo macnaheedu yahay "culus".

2, Helitaanka Taariikh Kooban
Sulfides of alkaline earth metals exhibit phosphorescence, meaning they continue to emit light for a period of time in the dark after being exposed to light. Xeryadaha barium waxay bilaabeen inay soo jiitaan dareenka dadka si sax ah dabeecaddan awgeed. Sannadkii 1602, oo ah nin xanaaq badan ayaa loo magacaabay Casio Lauro oo ku taal magaalada Bologna, Italy, ayaa dubay ka kooban bari isna ay ka heleyso inay iftiimi karto mugdiga, kaasoo kiciyay danaha culimada wakhtigaas. Mar dambe, dhagaxa noocan ah waxaa lagu magacaabay ploroon oo kiciyay danaha farmashiistaha Yurub ee cilmi baarista falanqaynta. Sanadkii 1774, farmashiistaha iswiidhishka CW Screene wuxuu ogaadey in barium okide ay ahayd carro culus oo cusub, kaas oo uu ugu yeedhay "banthta" (carro culus). Sanadkii 1774, Schelle wuxuu rumeysan yahay in dhagaxani uu ahaa isku darka carrada cusub (oxide) iyo aashitada sulfuric. Sannadkii 1776, wuxuu kululeeyey amooniyam ah ciidda cusub si uu u helo carrabka saafiga ah (okside). Sanadkii 1808, farmashiga Ingiriiska ee H. Davy wuxuu u adeegsaday meerkurida sida cathutka iyo platinum-ka sida tamarta elektiroonigga ah ee elekti electrolyze (basol4) si loo soo saaro barium Amalgam. Mudnaanta ka dib si looga saaro meerkurida, bir nadiif ah ayaa la helay oo lagu magacaabay ka dib ereyga Griiga ee Griiga (culus). Calaamadda Element waxaa loo dejiyey sidii Ba, oo loo yaqaanbarium.

3, guryaha jirka
BariumWaa bir cad oo bir ah oo leh dhibic dhalaalaya oo ah 725 ° C, meel karkaraya oo ah 1846 ° C, cufnaanta 3.51g / cm3, iyo khamaarka. Oryarka ugu weyn ee barium-ka waxaa loo yaqaan 'Barium' ee barium waa caarte iyo Arsenenopyrite.

4,Bariumwaa shey kiimiko leh oo leh guryaha kiimikada.
Astaanta kiimikada ee BA, Atomic Lambarka 56, waxaa iska leh nidaamka xilliyada xilliga IIA oo xubin ka yahay biraha alkaline ee alkaline. Barium waxay leedahay wax qabad kiimiko ah oo aad u badan oo ah kuwa ugu firfircoon ee alkaline alekaline-ka. Laga soo bilaabo tamarta suurtagalka iyo ionition, waxaa lagu arki karaa in barium ay leedahay dhimista xoogan. Xaqiiqdii, haddii kaliya tixgalinta luminta elektor-ka hore, bariumku wuxuu leeyahay isku-yarida ugu adag ee biyaha. Si kastaba ha noqotee, aad bay u adag tahay barium si loo waayo elektaroonigga labaad. Sidaa darteed, tixgelinta dhammaan waxyaabaha, dhimista barium-ka si weyn ayey u yaraanaysaa. Si kastaba ha noqotee, sidoo kale waa mid ka mid ah biraha ugu firfircoon ee xalka aashitada ah, labaad oo keliya lithium, cesium, rusium, iyo potassium-ka.

5.Main Xarunta
1). Dieum oxide si tartiib tartiib ah ayey uxun u tahay hawo si ay u sameysaan barium okide, oo ah midab buluug aan midab lahayn. Acid ee aashitada, aan ku dhexjiro acetone iyo ammonia biyaha. Waxay ka falcelisaa biyo si loo sameeyo barium hydroxide, oo sun ah. Markii la gubo, waxay soo saartaa olol cagaar ah waxayna abuurtaa Baarium peroxide.
2). Baraum Peroxide wuxuu ka jawaabayaa si uu u soo saaro hydrogen poricode. Fal-celintaani waxay ku saleysan tahay mabda'a diyaarinta hydrogen peroxide shaybaarka.
3). Barium Hydroxide waxay ka falcelisaa biyo si loo soo saaro barium hydroxide iyo gaaska hydrogen-ka. Sababo la xiriira jilitaanka hoose ee barium hydroxide iyo tamarkeeda ugu sarreysa, fal-celinta uma eka sida oo kale ah oo ah tii birta alkali, oo ka dhalata hay'adda barium-ka ee ka dhalata ayaa damin doona aragtida. Qadar yar oo kaarboon dioxide ah ayaa lagu soo rogay xalka si loo sameeyo kaarboon-ka-saarka bari, iyo kaarboon kaarboon-ka-daadku wuxuu sii kordhiyaa si loo baabi'iyo xarkaha loo yaqaan 'Barium' oo dhaliso isku-darka barium bricarbonate.
4). Amino barium waxay ku milmi kartaa ammoniya dareere ah, sameynta xalka buluuga ah ee sarkaragnetimm iyo la-qabsi, taas oo muhiimad ahaan ka samaysa elektaroonigga ammonia. Muddo dheer oo kaydinta ah, hydrogen-ka ee ammonia waxaa loo dhimi doonaa gaaska hydrogen-ka ee elektaroonigga ammonia, oo guud ahaan falcelinta ay ka falceliyaan amnium-ka si loo soo saaro amino barium iyo hydrogen gaas.
5). Barium Sulfite waa budo cad ama budo, sun ah, waxyar ku milatari biyo, oo si tartiib tartiib ah loo cayimay barium sulfate markii hawada lagu ridayo. Kala diri karaa aashitada aan dabiiciga ahayn sida biyo-galka si aad u aashito gaaska sulfur dioxide oo leh caraf udgoon. Markii aad la kulanto aashitada oksidda ah sida dildic acid, waxaa lagu badali karaa barium sulfate.
6). Sallufate barium wuxuu leeyahay guryaha kiimikada deganaan ee xasilloon, oo qayb ka mid ah barium sulfate-ka ayaa ku milmay biyaha gabi ahaanba, taasoo ka dhigeysa koronto badan. Baraum Sulfate-ka ayaa ah mid aan la isku halleyn karin nitric acid. Inta badan loo isticmaalo sida wakiilka isbarbar dhigga caloosha.
Baarboon carbonate waa sun oo ku dhowaad biyo qabow biyo qabow. Waxay ka falcelineysaa sodium sulfate si loo soo saaro saadaalin cad oo buluug ah oo ka mid ah barium sulfate-ka-baroom-ka ah - isbeddelka isu beddelka ee u dhexeeya roogagga xalka aqueous: Way fududahay in loo beddelo jihada dheecaanka badan.

6, Meelaha Codsiga
1. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa ujeeddooyin warshadeed wax soo saarka cusbada bariums, ally, rash, rash, iwm. Si ballaaran loo isticmaalo alloy, oo ay kujirto sunta rasaasta, kaalshiyamka, magnesium, sodium, lithium, aluminium, iyo nickel alls. Birta barium birta waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in wakiil degium ah si meesha looga saaro gaaska raacitaanka tuubooyinka vawum iyo cathode ray tuubooyinka raajada, iyo sidoo kale wakiilka si loo habeeyo biraha. Barium Nitter waxaa lagu qasay koloraate potassium, budada magnesium, iyo rosin waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in la soo saaro ololka calaamadaha iyo rashka. Xeryadaha barium-ka lagululeeyo waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa sida cayayaanka, sida barium chloride, si loo xakameeyo cayayaanka kala duwan ee dhirta. Waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa dib-u-habeynta brine iyo biyo kululaynta wax soo saarka soosaarka soodhada indhaha ee elektrolytic. Sidoo kale loo adeegsaday diyaarinta midabaynta. Warshadaha maqaarka iyo maqaarka waxay u isticmaalaan sidii madax-bannaani iyo wakiil dhejis ah oo loogu talagalay xariir macmal ah.
2. Barium Salufate ee loogu talagalay isticmaalka caafimaadku waa daawo kaabid ah baaritaanka raajada. Cudurro cad oo cad oo aan dhadhan lahayn, walax ku bixin kara farqi wanaagsan jirka inta lagu jiro baaritaanka raajada. Caafimaadka barium-ka caafimaadka ma uusan ka nuugin marinka caloosha iyo caloosha oo aan keenin xasaasiyad. Ma ku jirto xeryahooda barium-ka lagululeeyo sida barium chloride, barium sulfide, iyo kaarboon bariumka. Badiyaa loo isticmaalaa sawirka caloosha, marmarka qaarkood loo isticmaalo ujeedooyinka kale ee imtixaanka

7, Habka Diyaarinta
Soosaarka warshadaha eeMetallic bariumWaxaa loo qaybiyaa laba talaabo: soosaarka barium oxide iyo yareynta kuleylka ee birta (dhimista kuleylka aluminium). At 1000-1200 ℃,Metallic bariumWaxaa lagu heli karaa iyadoo lagu yareynayo barium oxide alumininium aluminik, ka dibna lagu nadiifiyo jahwareerka faaruqa. Habka yareynta kuleylka kuleylka ee aluminium ee soo saarida macdanta macdanta ah: Qiyaasta waxyaabaha ka duwan ee waxyaabaha ka duwan, waxaa laga yaabaa inay jiraan laba falcelin oo loogu talagalay yareynta alumium oxide. Sinnaanta falcelintu waa: Labada fal-celintu waxay soo saari karaan oo keliya qadar yar oo barium ah 1000-1200 ℃. Sidaa darteed, bamgareedka faaruqa ah waa in loo adeegsadaa si joogto ah u wareejiso uumiga barium-ka ee aagga falcelinta ee aagga qabow si ficil celinta loo sii wado inuu u dhaqaaqo dhanka midig. Hadhaaga ka dib fal-celinta ayaa ah mid sun ah oo u baahan in la daaweeyo ka hor intaan la tuurin