Lanthanide
Lanthanide, lanthanide
Qeexitaan: Qodobbada 57 ilaa 71 ee shaxda xilliyeedka. Erayga guud ee 15 curiye laga bilaabo lanthanum ilaa lutetium. Lagu sheegay Ln. Qaabaynta elektarooniga ah ee valence waa 4f0 ~ 145d0 ~ 26s2, oo ka tirsan qaybta kala guurka gudaha;Lanthanumiyada oo aan lahayn 4f electrons sidoo kale waa laga saaray nidaamka lanthanide.
Anshaxa: Kiimikada_ Kiimikada Inorganic_ Elements iyo Kiimikada Inorganic
Shuruudaha la xidhiidha: isbuunyada hydrogen-ka ee nickel-birta baytari
Kooxda ka kooban 15 walxood oo isku mid ah oo u dhexeeya lanthanum iyolutiumJadwalka xilliyeedka waxaa lagu magacaabaa Lanthanide. Lanthanum waa curiyaha ugu horreeya ee Lanthanide, oo leh calaamad kiimikaad La iyo lambarka Atomka 57. Lanthanum waa jilicsan (si toos ah ayaa loo gooyn karaa mindi), ductile, iyo bir cad oo cad oo si tartiib ah u luminaysa dhalaalkeeda marka ay hawada soo gasho. In kasta oo lanthanum lagu sifeeyay inuu yahay curiye dhul naadir ah, cunsugiisa ku jira qolofka ayaa ku jira 28aad, ku dhawaad saddex jeer ka badan macdanta rasaasta. Lanthanum ma laha sun gaar ah oo ku saabsan jidhka bini'aadamka, laakiin waxa ay leedahay qaar ka mid ah dhaqdhaqaaqa bakteeriyada.
Xeryahooda Lanthanum waxay leeyihiin adeegsiyo kala duwan waxaana si weyn loogu isticmaalaa kicinta, waxyaabaha lagu daro galaaska, nalalka kaarboonka ee nalalka sawir qaadista ama mashruucyada, qaybaha dabka ee nalalka iyo tooshyada, tuubooyinka rayiga ee cathode, scintilators, electrodes GTAW, iyo alaabooyin kale.
Mid ka mid ah walxaha loo isticmaalo batariyada birta ah ee loo yaqaan 'Nickel-metal hydride anode' waa La (Ni3.6Mn0.4Al0.3Co0.7). Sababtoo ah qiimaha sarreeya ee ka saarida Lanthanide kale, lanthanum saafi ah waxaa lagu bedeli doonaa biraha dhifka ah ee isku dhafan ee ka kooban in ka badan 50% lanthanum. Alwaaxyada isbuunyada Hydrogen-ka waxaa ku jira lanthanum, kaas oo kaydin kara ilaa 400 jeer mugga hydrogen-ka inta lagu jiro adsorption-ka oo sii daaya tamarta kulaylka. Sidaa darteed, alwaaxyada isbuunyada hydrogen waxaa loo isticmaali karaa nidaamyada tamarta-badbaadinta.Lanthanum oxideiyoLanthanum hexaboridewaxaa loo isticmaalaa sida walxaha cathode kulul ee tuubooyinka vacuum elektarooniga ah. Karistaanka ee Lanthanum hexaboride waa dhalaal sare iyo il koronto kuleyl oo cimri dheer leh oo loogu talagalay mikroskoobyada elektarooniga ah iyo kicinta saamaynta Hall-ka.
Lanthanum trifluoride waxa loo isticmaalaa dahaadhka laambadda, oo lagu qasoEuropium (III) fluoride,oo loo isticmaalo sidii filim crystal ah ee fluoride ion electrode xulashada. Lanthanum trifluoride sidoo kale waa qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah galaaska fluoride culus ee loo yaqaan ZBLAN. Waxay leedahay gudbin aad u fiican oo ku jirta kala duwanaanta infrared-ka waxaana si weyn loogu isticmaalaa hababka isgaarsiinta fiber optic. Cerium ayaa la sameeyayLanthanum(III) bromideiyoLanthanum(III) chloridewaxay leeyihiin sifooyinka soosaarka iftiinka sare, xallinta tamarta ugu fiican iyo jawaab degdeg ah. Waa maaddooyin Scintillator-ka aan noolaha lahayn, kuwaas oo si weyn loogu isticmaalo ganacsi ahaan neutrons-ka iyo γ A qalabka shucaaca. Muraayada lagu daray Lanthanum oxide waxay leedahay index refractive sare iyo kala firdhis hooseeya, waxayna sidoo kale hagaajin kartaa caabbinta alkali ee galaaska. Waxa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu sameeyo muraayad indho-indheyn oo gaar ah, sida muraayadda nuugista infrared, ee kamaradaha iyo muraayadaha telescope-ka. Ku darida qadar yar oo lanthanum birta waxay wanaajin kartaa iska caabbinta saamaynta iyo ductility, halka ku darida lanthanum molybdenum ay yarayn karto adayga iyo dareenka isbedelka heerkulka. Lanthanum iyo xeryahooda kala duwan ee walxaha kale ee dhifka ah ee dhulka (oxides, chlorides, iwm.) waa qaybo ka mid ah kicinta kala duwan, sida kicinta falcelinta falcelinta.
Lanthanum carbonatewaxaa loo ogolaaday daawo ahaan. Marka hyperphosphatemia ay ku dhacdo kelyaha oo fashilma, qaadashada Lanthanum carbonate waxay nidaamin kartaa fosfatetada serum si ay u gaarto heerka la beegsanayo. Lanthanum modified bentonite waxay ka saari kartaa fosfatetada biyaha si looga fogaado Eutrophication biyaha harada. Badeecooyin badan oo dabaasha oo la sifeeyay ayaa ka kooban qadar yar oo lanthanum ah, kaas oo sidoo kale ah in laga saaro fosfatetada lana yareeyo koritaanka algae. Sida Horseradish peroxidase, lanthanum waxaa loo isticmaalaa raadraaca cufan elektarooniga ah ee bayoolaji molecular.
Waqtiga boostada: Agoosto-01-2023