Xigasho Wakaalada Wararka ee Cailian
Dhawaan, shirkii saddexaad ee Shiinaha ee Naadirka Dhulka Silsiladda ee 2023 ayaa lagu qabtay Ganzhou. Weriye ka socda Wakaaladda Wararka Cailian ayaa ka bartay kulanka in warshaduhu ay rajo wanaagsan ka qabaan koritaanka dheeraadka ah ee baahida dhulka dhifka ah sanadkan, oo ay rajeynayaan in la xoreeyo wadarta qaddarka xakamaynta dhulalka naadirka ah iyo ilaalinta qiimaha naadirka dhulka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay fududaynta caqabadaha saadka, qiimaha dhifka ah ee dhulka ayaa laga yaabaa inuu hoos u dhaco.
Wakaalada Wararka ee Cailian, March 29(Saxafi Wang Bin) Qiimaha iyo kootada waa laba kelmadood oo fure u ah horumarinta warshadaha dhifka ah ee dhulka dhawrkii sano ee la soo dhaafay. Dhawaan, shirkii saddexaad ee Shiinaha ee Naadirka Dhulka Silsiladda ee 2023 ayaa lagu qabtay Ganzhou. Weriye ka socda Wakaaladda Wararka Cailian ayaa ka bartay kulanka in warshaduhu ay rajo wanaagsan ka qabaan koritaanka dheeraadka ah ee baahida dhulka dhifka ah sanadkan, oo ay rajeynayaan in la xoreeyo wadarta qaddarka xakamaynta dhulalka naadirka ah iyo ilaalinta qiimaha naadirka dhulka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay fududaynta caqabadaha saadka, qiimaha dhifka ah ee dhulka ayaa laga yaabaa inuu hoos u dhaco.
Intaa waxaa dheer, khabiiro badan oo ka mid ah kulanka ayaa tilmaamay in warshadaha dhifka ah ee gudaha ay u baahan yihiin inay horumar ka sameeyaan tignoolajiyada asaasiga ah. Liu Gang, oo xubin ka ah Guddiga Horumarinta iyo Dib-u-habaynta Qaranka iyo ku-xigeenka duqa magaalada Qiqihar ee gobolka Heilongjiang, ayaa yidhi, "Waqtigan xaadirka ah, macdanta Shiinaha ee dhifka ah ee macdanta iyo teknoolajiyada dhalada ayaa ah mid caalami ah oo horumarsan, laakiin cilmi baarista iyo horumarinta alaabta cusub ee dhifka ah iyo soo saarista qalabka muhiimka ah, waxay weli ka danbeysaa heerka sare ee caalamiga ah.
Qiimaha dhulka naadirka ah ayaa laga yaabaa inuu hoos u dhaco
"Hirgelinta labada bartilmaameed ee kaarboonka waxay dardargelisay horumarinta warshadaha sida tamarta dabaysha iyo baabuurta tamarta cusub, taasoo keentay koror xooggan oo ku yimid baahida agabka magnetka joogtada ah, meesha ugu weyn ee isticmaalka hoose ee dhulalka naadir ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sannadihii la soo dhaafay, wadarta guud ee tilmaamayaasha xakamaynta qadarka dhulalka naadir ah ayaa ilaa xad ku guuldareystay inay la kulmaan kobaca baahida hoose, waxaana jira sahayda iyo baahida suuqa. " Qof la xidhiidha warshadaha dhulka dhif ah ayaa yidhi.
Sida laga soo xigtay Chen Zhanheng, ku xigeenka Xoghayaha Guud ee Ururka Warshadaha Dhulka ee dhifka ah ee Shiinaha, sahayda kheyraadka ayaa caqabad ku noqday horumarinta warshadaha dhulka dhifka ah ee Shiinaha. Waxa uu sheegay marar badan in wadarta guud ee siyaasadda xakamaynta lacagta ay si dhab ah u xaddiday horumarinta warshadaha dhifka ah ee dhulka, waxaana lagama maarmaan ah in lagu dadaalo sidii loo sii dayn lahaa tirada guud ee xakamaynta macdanta dhulka naadirka ah sida ugu dhakhsaha badan, taas oo u oggolaanaysa shirkadaha macdanta dhulka dhifka ah sida Northern Rare Earth iyo Sichuan Jiangtong si ay u habeeyaan wax soo saarkooda ku salaysan awoodooda wax soo saar, sahayda macdanta dhulka dhifka ah, iyo baahida suuqa.
Bishii Maarso 24-keedii, "Ogaysiis ku saabsan Tusayaasha Xakamaynta Xaddiga Qadarka ee Dufcaddii Koowaad ee Macdanta Naadirka ah ee Dhulka, dhalaalinta, iyo kala-soocidda ee 2023" ayaa la soo saaray, wadarta guud ee tilmaamayaasha xakamaynta ayaa kordhay 18.69% marka la barbar dhigo isla dufcaddii 2022. Wang Ji, Maareeyaha Lacagta Naadirka ah iyo Birta ee Shanghai, wadarta qaddarka Birta iyo Birta ee Ururka Shangaani. macdanta, dhalaalidda iyo kala-soocidda dufcaddii labaad ee tilmaamayaasha dhulka dhifka ah waxay kordhin doonaan ilaa 10% ilaa 15% qaybta labaad ee sanadka.
Aragtida Wang Ji ayaa ah in xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya sahayda iyo baahida praseodymium iyo neodymium uu isbeddelay, qaabka sahayda adag ee praseodymium iyo neodymium oxide ayaa la fududeeyay, hadda waxaa jira wax yar oo biraha ah, iyo amarada ka imanaya shirkadaha maaddooyinka magnetic hoose ayaan la kulmin filashooyinka. Qiimaha Praseodymium iyo neodymium waxay ugu dambeyntii u baahan yihiin taageerada macaamiisha. Sidaa darteed, qiimaha muddada-gaaban ee praseodymium iyo neodymium waxaa weli u badan hagaajinta daciifka ah, iyo kala duwanaanshaha qiimaha isbedbeddelka ee praseodymium iyo neodymium oxide ayaa la saadaaliyay inay noqon doonaan 48-62 milyan/ton.
Sida laga soo xigtay xogta ka Shiinaha Rare Earth Industry Association, laga bilaabo March 27, celceliska qiimaha praseodymium iyo neodymium oxide ahaa 553000 yuan / ton, hoos 1/3 ka qiimaha celceliska sanadkii hore oo ku dhow celceliska qiimaha March 2021. Iyo 2021 waa barta isbedbeddelka faa'iido ee dhammaan silsilad warshadaha dhulka dhif ah. Waxaa si weyn loo rumeysan yahay warshadaha in meelaha kaliya ee loo aqoonsaday kororka baahida loo qabo magnets-ka joogtada ah ee dhulka ee sanadkan ay yihiin gawaarida tamarta cusub, qaboojiyeyaasha joogtada ah ee isbeddelka, iyo robotyada warshadaha, halka meelaha kale ay asal ahaan sii yaraanayaan.
Liu Jing, Madaxweyne ku xigeenka Shanghai Iron iyo Birta Union, ayaa tilmaamay, "Marka la eego terminal, waxaa la filayaa in heerka koritaanka amarada ee beeraha dabaysha, qaboojiyaha, iyo saddex Cs noqon doonaa gaabis ah, jadwalka amarka noqon doonaa gaaban, iyo qiimaha alaabta ceeriin sii wadi doonaa in ay kor u kaco, halka aqbalida terminal si tartiib tartiib ah hoos u dhigi doonaa, samaynta ismari waa ka soo dejinta iyo alaabta ceeriin gaar ah labada dhinac, sii wadi doonaa in laga soo dhoofiyo alaabta ceeriin ee min labada dhinac. koror, laakiin kalsoonida macaamiisha suuqyadu kuma filna."
Liu Gang waxa uu tilmaamay in sannadihii la soo dhaafay, ay jirtay kor u kac weyn oo ku yimid qiimaha wax soo saarka macdanta dhifka ah, taas oo keentay in kor u kaca qiimaha wax soo saarka ee ganacsiyada dambe ee silsiladda warshadaha, hoos u dhac weyn oo faa'iidooyinka ama khasaaro halis ah, taasoo keentay in ay dhacdo "wax soo saarka hoos u dhac ama lama huraan ah, beddelka ama caawimo" ifafaale, saamaynaya dhammaan silsiladaha horumarinta waarta ee dhulka oo dhan. "Silsilad warshadaha dhifka ah ee dhulku waxay leedahay noodhka silsiladaha sahayda badan, silsilado dhaadheer, iyo isbeddel degdeg ah. Hagaajinta habka qiimaha ee warshadaha naadirka ah maaha kaliya mid ku habboon in la gaaro dhimista qiimaha iyo korodhka waxtarka ee warshadaha, laakiin sidoo kale si wax ku ool ah u hagaajinta tartanka warshadaha."
Chen Zhanheng wuxuu aaminsan yahay in qiimaha dhulalka dhifka ah laga yaabo inuu hoos u dhaco. " Way ku adag tahay warshadaha hoose si ay u aqbalaan qiimaha praseodymium neodymium oxide oo ka badan 800000 halkii ton, mana aha mid la aqbali karo warshadaha tamarta dabaysha oo ka badan 600000 per ton. Dhaqdhaqaaqii xaraashka ee dhawaanta ee macaamil ganacsi ee suuqa saamiyada waa calaamad aad u cad: waagii hore, waxaa jiray degdeg ah in la iibsado, laakiin hadda ma jirto wax la iibsan karo. "
"macdanta iyo suuq-geynta aan kor loo qaadin" ee soo kabashada dhulka naadir ah
Dib-u-warshadaynta dhifka ah ee dhulka ayaa noqonaysa il kale oo muhiim ah oo sahayda dhulka naadir ah. Wang Ji waxa uu tilmaamay in sanadka 2022, wax soo saarka dib loo warshadeeyay ee praseodymium iyo neodymium ay ka ahaayeen 42% isha birta ee praseodymium iyo neodymium. Sida laga soo xigtay tirakoobka Shanghai Steel Union (300226. SZ), wax soo saarka qashinka NdFeB ee Shiinaha ayaa gaari doona 70000 tan sanadka 2022.
Waxaa la fahamsan yahay in marka la barbardhigo wax soo saarka alaabta la midka ah ee macdanta ceyriinka ah, dib-u-warshadaynta iyo ka faa'iidaysiga qashinka dhifka ah ayaa leh faa'iidooyin badan: hababka gaaban, kharashyada hoose, iyo hoos u dhigista "saddex qashinka". Waxay ka dhigtaa isticmaalka macquulka ah ee kheyraadka, waxay yareysaa wasakhowga deegaanka, waxayna si wax ku ool ah u ilaalisaa kheyraadka dhulka naadirka ah ee dalka.
Liu Weihua, Agaasimaha Huahong Technology (002645. SZ) iyo Guddoomiyaha Anxintai Technology Co., Ltd., ayaa tilmaamay in khayraadka dhulka sare dhif yihiin kheyraad gaar ah. Inta lagu jiro wax soo saarka birta neodymium boron maaddooyinka magnetic, ku saabsan 25% ilaa 30% qashinka gees ah ayaa la soo saaraa, iyo tan kasta oo praseodymium iyo neodymium oxide soo kabsaday waxay u dhigantaa in ka yar 10000 tan oo ah earth ion ore ama 5 tan oo ah macdanta dhif ah dhulka.
Liu Weihua waxa uu xusay in xadiga Neodymium, Iron, iyo Boron laga helay baabuurta labada taayir leh ee korontada ku shaqeeya ay hadda ka badan tahay 10000 oo tan, burburinta baabuurta labada taayir lehna ay si weyn u kordhin doonto mustaqbalka. "Sida laga soo xigtay tirokoobyada aan dhamaystirnayn, liiska bulshada ee hadda baabuurta korontada ee labada lugood leh ee Shiinaha waa qiyaastii 200 milyan oo unug, iyo wax soo saarka sanadlaha ah ee baabuurta korantada ee laba-geesoodka ah waa qiyaastii 50 milyan oo unug. baabuurta aad bay u kordhin doonaan mustaqbalka."
"Hal dhinac ah, gobolku wuxuu sii wadaa inuu nadiifiyo oo uu hagaajiyo mashaariicda dib-u-warshadaynta kheyraadka dhulka ee sharci-darrada ah iyo kuwa aan waafaqsanayn, waxayna meesha ka saari doontaa qaar ka mid ah shirkadaha dib u warshadaynta.
Sida uu sheegay weriyaha Wakaalada Wararka ee Cailian, waxa hadda jira ilaa 40 shirkadood oo ku hawlan kala soocida neodymium, birta, iyo boron-ka alaabada dib loo warshadeeyey ee dalka oo dhan, kuwaas oo awood wax-soosaarkoodu ka badan yahay 60000 oo tan oo REO ah. Waxaa ka mid ah, shanta shirkadood ee ugu waaweyn dib-u-warshadaynta warshaduhu waxay ku xisaabtamaan ku dhawaad 70% awoodda wax-soo-saarka.
Waxaa xusid mudan in warshadaha dib-u-warshadaynta boron-ka ee boron-ka ee neodymium-ka hadda ay la kulmaan ifafaale ah "iibsiga iyo iibinta beddelka", taas oo ah, iibsashada sare iyo iibinta hoose.
Liu Weihua waxa uu sheegay in tan iyo rubuci labaad ee sannadkii hore, dib u warshadaynta qashinka dhifka ah ee dhulka ay asal ahaan ku jirtay xaalad halis ah, oo si dhab ah u xaddidaysa horumarinta warshadahan. Sida laga soo xigtay Liu Weihua, waxaa jira saddex sababood oo waaweyn oo dhacdadan ah: ballaarinta weyn ee awoodda wax soo saarka ee shirkadaha dib-u-warshadaynta, hoos u dhaca baahida terminalka, iyo qaadashada habka isku xirka birta iyo qashinka ee kooxo waaweyn si loo yareeyo wareegga suuqa qashinka.
Liu Weihua waxa uu tilmaamay in awoodda soo kabashada dhulka dhifka ah ee dalka oo dhan ay tahay 60000 oo tan, sannadihii la soo dhaafay, waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu ballaariyo awoodda ku dhawaad 80000 oo tan, taas oo keentay awood xad dhaaf ah. "Tani waxaa ku jira labadaba isbeddelka farsamada iyo ballaarinta awoodda jirta, iyo sidoo kale awoodda cusub ee kooxda dhulka naadir ah."
Marka laga hadlayo suuqa dib-u-warshadaynta dhifka ah ee dhulka sanadkan, Wang Ji waxa uu aaminsan yahay in hadda, amarada ka imanaya shirkadaha maaddooyinka magnetic ayan horumarin, kororka sahayda qashinkana ay xaddidan tahay. Waxa la filayaa in wax-soo-saarka oksaydhka ee qashinka aanu wax badan iska beddeli doonin.
Khabiir dhinaca warshadaha ah oo aan doonayn in magaciisa la sheego ayaa u sheegay Wakaaladda Wararka ee Cailian in "macdanta iyo suuq-geynta kor u kaca" ee dib-u-warshadaynta dhifka ah ee dhulka aysan ahayn mid waara. Iyadoo hoos u dhac joogto ah uu ku yimid qiimaha dhifka ah ee dhulka, dhacdadan ayaa la filayaa in dib loo rogo. Wariye ka tirsan Wakaalada Wararka ee Cailian ayaa ogaaday in wakhtigan xaadirka ah, Ganzhou Waste Alliance ay qorsheynayaan inay si wadajir ah u iibsadaan alaabta ceeriin qiimo jaban. "Sannadkii hore, dhir badan oo qashinka ah ayaa la xiray ama la dhimay wax soo saarka, hadda dhirta qashinka ayaa weli ah xisbiga ugu sarreeya," ayuu yiri gudaha warshadaha.
Waqtiga boostada: Mar-30-2023