Xigasho Wakaalada Wararka ee Cailian
Dhawaan, shirkii saddexaad ee Shiinaha ee Naadirka Dhulka Silsiladda ee 2023 ayaa lagu qabtay Ganzhou. Weriye ka socda Wakaaladda Wararka Cailian ayaa ka bartay kulanka in warshaduhu ay rajo wanaagsan ka qabaan koritaanka dheeraadka ah ee baahida dhulka dhifka ah sanadkan, oo ay rajeynayaan in la xoreeyo wadarta qaddarka xakamaynta dhulalka naadirka ah iyo ilaalinta qiimaha naadirka dhulka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay fududaynta caqabadaha saadka, qiimaha dhifka ah ee dhulka ayaa laga yaabaa inuu hoos u dhaco.
Wakaalada Wararka ee Cailian, March 29(Saxafi Wang Bin) Qiimaha iyo kootada waa laba kelmadood oo fure u ah horumarinta warshadaha dhifka ah ee dhulka dhawrkii sano ee la soo dhaafay. Dhawaan, shirkii saddexaad ee Shiinaha ee Naadirka Dhulka Silsiladda ee 2023 ayaa lagu qabtay Ganzhou. Weriye ka socda Wakaaladda Wararka Cailian ayaa ka bartay kulanka in warshaduhu ay rajo wanaagsan ka qabaan koritaanka dheeraadka ah ee baahida dhulka dhifka ah sanadkan, oo ay rajeynayaan in la xoreeyo wadarta qaddarka xakamaynta dhulalka naadirka ah iyo ilaalinta qiimaha naadirka dhulka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay fududaynta caqabadaha saadka, qiimaha dhifka ah ee dhulka ayaa laga yaabaa inuu hoos u dhaco.
Intaa waxaa dheer, khabiiro badan oo ka mid ah kulanka ayaa tilmaamay in warshadaha dhifka ah ee gudaha ay u baahan yihiin inay horumar ka sameeyaan tignoolajiyada asaasiga ah. Liu Gang, oo xubin ka ah Guddiga Horumarinta iyo Dib-u-habaynta Qaranka, ahna maayar ku xigeenka magaalada Qiqihar ee gobolka Heilongjiang, ayaa yidhi, "Waqtigan xaadirka ah, tignoolajiyada Shiinaha ee dhifka ah ee macdanta iyo dhalada waa mid caalami ah oo horumarsan, laakiin cilmi baarista iyo horumarinta alaabta cusub ee dhifka ah ee dhulka. iyo soo saarista qalabka muhiimka ah, wali waxay ka danbeysaa heerka sare ee caalamiga ah. Jebinta xannibaadda patent-ka shisheeye waxay noqon doontaa arrin mustaqbalka fog ah oo soo food saartay horumarinta warshadaha dhulka naadirka ah ee Shiinaha.
Qiimaha dhulka naadirka ah ayaa laga yaabaa inuu hoos u dhaco
"Hirgelinta labada yool ee kaarboonka ayaa dardargelisay horumarinta warshadaha sida tamarta dabaysha iyo baabuurta tamarta cusub, taasoo horseedaysa koror xooggan oo ku saabsan baahida qalabka magnetka joogtada ah, meesha ugu weyn ee isticmaalka hoose ee dhulalka naadir ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sannadihii la soo dhaafay, wadarta guud ee tilmaamayaasha xakamaynta qadarka ee dhulalka dhifka ah ayaa ilaa xad ku guul daraystay inay daboolaan kobaca baahida hoose, waxaana jira farqi u dhexeeya saadka iyo baahida suuqa. Qof la xidhiidha warshadaha dhulka dhif ah ayaa yidhi.
Sida laga soo xigtay Chen Zhanheng, ku xigeenka Xoghayaha Guud ee Ururka Warshadaha Dhulka ee dhifka ah ee Shiinaha, sahayda kheyraadka ayaa caqabad ku noqday horumarinta warshadaha dhulka dhifka ah ee Shiinaha. Waxa uu marar badan sheegay in wadarta guud ee siyaasadda xakamaynta qadarku ay si dhab ah u xaddidday horumarinta warshadaha dhifka ah ee dhulka, waxaana lagama maarmaan ah in lagu dadaalo sidii loo sii dayn lahaa qadarka guud ee xakamaynta macdanta dhulka naadirka ah sida ugu dhakhsaha badan, taas oo u oggolaanaysa iftiinka naadirka dhulka. shirkadaha macdanta sida Northern Rare Earth iyo Sichuan Jiangtong si ay u habeeyaan wax soo saar iyaga u gaar ah oo ku salaysan awoodooda wax soo saarka, sahayda macdanta dhulka dhif ah, iyo baahida suuqa.
Bishii Maarso 24-keedii, "Ogaysiiskii Tusayaasha Xakamaynta Qadarka Qadarka ee Dufcaddii Koowaad ee Macdanta Naadirka ah ee Dhulka, dhalaalinta, iyo Kala-soocidda ee 2023" ayaa la soo saaray, iyo wadarta tilmaamayaasha xakamaynta qaddarka ayaa kordhay 18.69% marka la barbar dhigo isla dufcaddii 2022. Wang Ji, oo ah Maamulaha Qaybta Naadirka iyo Qiimaha Biraha ee Shanghai Birta iyo Birta, ayaa saadaaliyay in tirada guud macdanta, dhalaalidda iyo kala-soocidda dufcaddii labaad ee tilmaamayaasha dhulka dhifka ah waxay kordhin doonaan ilaa 10% ilaa 15% qaybta labaad ee sanadka.
Aragtida Wang Ji ayaa ah in xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya sahayda iyo baahida praseodymium iyo neodymium uu isbeddelay, qaabka sahayda adag ee praseodymium iyo neodymium oxide ayaa la fududeeyay, hadda waxaa jira wax yar oo biraha ah, iyo amarada ka imanaya shirkadaha alaabada magnetic-ka ee hoose ayaan la kulmin filashooyinka. . Qiimaha Praseodymium iyo neodymium waxay ugu dambeyntii u baahan yihiin taageerada macaamiisha. Sidaa darteed, qiimaha muddada-gaaban ee praseodymium iyo neodymium waxaa weli u badan hagaajinta daciifka ah, iyo kala duwanaanshaha qiimaha isbedbeddelka ee praseodymium iyo neodymium oxide ayaa la saadaaliyay inay noqon doonaan 48-62 milyan/ton.
Marka loo eego xogta laga soo xigtay Ururka Warshadaha Dhulka ee Rare Earth ee Shiinaha, laga bilaabo Maarso 27, celceliska qiimaha praseodymium iyo neodymium oxide wuxuu ahaa 553000 yuan/ton, hoos 1/3 ee celceliska qiimaha sannadkii hore wuxuuna ku dhow yahay celceliska qiimaha bishii Maarso 2021. 2021 waa barta is-rog-rogista faa'iidada ee dhammaan silsiladda warshadaha dhifka ah ee dhulka. Waxaa si weyn loo rumeysan yahay warshadaha in meelaha kaliya ee loo aqoonsaday kororka baahida loo qabo magnets-ka joogtada ah ee dhulka ee sanadkan ay yihiin gawaarida tamarta cusub, qaboojiyeyaasha joogtada ah ee isbeddelka, iyo robotyada warshadaha, halka meelaha kale ay asal ahaan sii yaraanayaan.
Liu Jing, Madaxweyne Ku-Xigeenka Ururka Birta iyo Birta ee Shanghai, ayaa tilmaamay, "Marka la eego terminaalka, waxaa la filayaa in heerka kobaca amarada ee beeraha dabaysha, qaboojiyaha, iyo saddex Cs ay noqon doonaan gaabis, jadwalka amarka waxay noqon doontaa mid gaaban, qiimaha alaabta ceeriinka ah ayaa sii wadi doona kor u kaca, halka aqbalaadda terminal ay si tartiib tartiib ah u yaraan doonto, sameynta ismari waa u dhexeeya labada dhinac. Marka loo eego dhinaca alaabta ceyriinka ah, soo dejinta iyo macdanta ceeriin waxay ilaalin doontaa koror gaar ah, laakiin kalsoonida macaamiisha suuqyadu kuma filna."
Liu Gang waxa uu tilmaamay in sannadihii la soo dhaafay, uu kor u kac weyn ku yimid qiimaha wax soo saarka macdanta dhulka naadirka ah, taas oo keentay in kor u kaco qiimaha wax soo saarka ee ganacsiyada dambe ee silsiladda warshadaha, hoos u dhac weyn faa'iidooyinka ama khasaaraha daran, taasoo keentay in ay dhacdo "yaraynta wax soo saarka ama lama huraan ah, beddelka ama caawinta la'aan" ifafaale, saameeya horumarka waara ee dhammaan silsilad warshadaha dhulka dhif ah. "Silsilad warshadaha dhifka ah ee dhulku waxay leedahay noono silsilado sahay ah oo badan, silsilado dhaadheer, iyo isbedelo degdeg ah. Hagaajinta habka qiimaha ee warshadaha dhifka ah ee dhulka ma aha oo kaliya mid ku haboon in la gaaro dhimista kharashka iyo korodhka waxtarka ee warshadaha, laakiin sidoo kale si wax ku ool ah u wanaajinta tartanka warshadaha."
Chen Zhanheng wuxuu aaminsan yahay in qiimaha dhulalka dhifka ah laga yaabo inuu hoos u dhaco. Way ku adag tahay warshadaha hoose inay aqbalaan qiimaha praseodymium neodymium oxide ee ka sarreeya 800000 tan, mana aha wax la aqbali karo warshadaha tamarta dabaysha oo ka badan 600000 halkii ton. Dhaqdhaqaaqii ugu dambeeyay ee xaraashka iibka ee suuqa saamiyada waa calaamad aad u cad: waagii hore, waxaa jiray degdeg ah in la iibsado, laakiin hadda ma jiro qof wax iibsanaya."
“macdan qodis iyo suuqgeyn aan kor loo qaadi karin” ee soo kabashada dhulka naadir ah
Dib-u-warshadaynta dhifka ah ee dhulka ayaa noqonaysa il kale oo muhiim ah oo sahayda dhulka naadir ah. Wang Ji waxa uu tilmaamay in sanadka 2022, wax soo saarka dib loo warshadeeyay ee praseodymium iyo neodymium ay ka ahaayeen 42% isha birta ee praseodymium iyo neodymium. Sida laga soo xigtay tirakoobka Shanghai Steel Union (300226. SZ), wax soo saarka qashinka NdFeB ee Shiinaha ayaa gaari doona 70000 tan sanadka 2022.
Waxaa la fahamsan yahay in marka la barbardhigo wax soo saarka alaabta la midka ah ee macdanta ceyriinka ah, dib-u-warshadaynta iyo ka faa'iidaysiga qashinka dhifka ah ayaa leh faa'iidooyin badan: hababka gaaban, kharashyada hoose, iyo hoos u dhigista "saddex qashinka". Waxay ka dhigtaa isticmaalka macquulka ah ee kheyraadka, waxay yareysaa wasakhowga deegaanka, waxayna si wax ku ool ah u ilaalisaa kheyraadka dhulka naadirka ah ee dalka.
Liu Weihua, Agaasimaha Huahong Technology (002645. SZ) iyo Guddoomiyaha Anxintai Technology Co., Ltd., ayaa tilmaamay in khayraadka dhulka sare dhif yihiin kheyraad gaar ah. Inta lagu jiro wax soo saarka birta neodymium boron maaddooyinka magnetic, qiyaastii 25% ilaa 30% qashinka geesaha ayaa la soo saaraa, iyo tan kasta oo praseodymium iyo neodymium oxide ah oo la soo kabsaday waxay u dhigantaa in ka yar 10000 tan oo ah ion ion ama 5 tan oo ah dhul dhif ah oo ceyriin ah. macdan
Liu Weihua waxa uu xusay in xadiga Neodymium, Iron, iyo Boron laga helay baabuurta labada taayir leh ee korontada ku shaqeeya ay hadda ka badan tahay 10000 oo tan, burburinta baabuurta labada taayir lehna ay si weyn u kordhin doonto mustaqbalka. "Sida laga soo xigtay tira-koobyada aan dhamaystirnayn, liiska bulsheed ee hadda jira ee baabuurta korontada ku shaqeeya ee labada lugood leh ee Shiinaha waxay ku dhow yihiin 200 milyan oo unug, wax soo saarka sannadlaha ah ee baabuurta korantada ee labada lugoodba waa qiyaastii 50 milyan oo unug. Iyada oo la adkaynayo siyaasadaha ilaalinta deegaanka, qaranku waxa uu dardargelin doonaa ciribtirka baytariga-asiidhka-asiidhka ah ee baabuurta labada lugood leh ee la soo saaray marxaladda hore, waxaana la filayaa in burburinta baabuurta laba lugoodlaha ah ay si weyn u kordhi doonto mustaqbalka.”
Dhinaca kale, gobolku wuxuu sii wadaa nadiifinta iyo hagaajinta mashaariicda dib-u-warshadaynta khayraadka dhulka ee sharci-darrada ah iyo kuwa aan waafaqsanayn, waxayna meesha ka saaraysaa qaar ka mid ah shirkadaha dib-u-warshadaynta. Dhanka kale, kooxo waaweyn iyo suuqyada raasumaalka ayaa ku lug leh, taasoo siinaya faa'iido tartan badan. Badbaadinta kuwa ugu fiican ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah u kordhin doonta diiradda warshadaha, "Liu Weihua ayaa yidhi.
Sida uu sheegay weriyaha Wakaalada Wararka ee Cailian, waxa hadda jira ilaa 40 shirkadood oo ku hawlan kala soocida neodymium, birta, iyo boron-ka alaabada dib loo warshadeeyey ee dalka oo dhan, kuwaas oo awood wax-soosaarkoodu ka badan yahay 60000 oo tan oo REO ah. Waxaa ka mid ah, shanta shirkadood ee ugu waaweyn dib-u-warshadaynta warshaduhu waxay ku xisaabtamaan ku dhawaad 70% awoodda wax-soo-saarka.
Waxaa xusid mudan in warshadaha dib-u-warshadaynta boron-ka ee boron-ka ee neodymium-ka hadda ay la kulmaan ifafaale ah "iibsiga iyo iibinta beddelka", taas oo ah, iibsashada sare iyo iibinta hoose.
Liu Weihua waxa uu sheegay in tan iyo rubuci labaad ee sannadkii hore, dib u warshadaynta qashinka dhifka ah ee dhulka ay asal ahaan ku jirtay xaalad halis ah, oo si dhab ah u xaddidaysa horumarinta warshadahan. Sida laga soo xigtay Liu Weihua, waxaa jira saddex sababood oo waaweyn oo dhacdadan ah: ballaarinta weyn ee awoodda wax soo saarka ee shirkadaha dib-u-warshadaynta, hoos u dhaca baahida terminal, iyo qaadashada habka isku xirka birta iyo qashinka ee kooxo waaweyn si loo yareeyo wareegga suuqa qashinka. .
Liu Weihua waxa uu tilmaamay in awoodda soo kabashada dhulka dhifka ah ee dalka oo dhan ay tahay 60000 oo tan, sannadihii la soo dhaafay, waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu ballaariyo awoodda ku dhawaad 80000 oo tan, taas oo keentay awood xad dhaaf ah. "Tani waxaa ku jira labadaba isbeddelka farsamada iyo ballaarinta awoodda jirta, iyo sidoo kale awoodda cusub ee kooxda dhulka naadir ah."
Marka laga hadlayo suuqa dib-u-warshadaynta dhifka ah ee dhulka sanadkan, Wang Ji waxa uu aaminsan yahay in hadda, amarada ka imanaya shirkadaha maaddooyinka magnetic ayan horumarin, kororka sahayda qashinkana ay xaddidan tahay. Waxa la filayaa in wax-soo-saarka oksaydhka ee qashinka aanu wax badan iska beddeli doonin.
Khabiir dhinaca warshadaha ah oo aan doonayn in magaciisa la sheego ayaa u sheegay Wakaaladda Wararka ee Cailian in "macdanta iyo suuq-geynta kor u kaca" ee dib-u-warshadaynta dhifka ah ee dhulka aysan ahayn mid waara. Iyadoo hoos u dhac joogto ah uu ku yimid qiimaha naadirka ah ee dhulka, dhacdadan ayaa la filayaa in dib loo rogo. Wariye ka tirsan Wakaalada Wararka ee Cailian ayaa ogaaday in wakhtigan xaadirka ah, Ganzhou Waste Alliance ay qorsheynayaan inay si wadajir ah u iibsadaan alaabta ceeriin qiimo jaban. "Sannadkii hore, dhir badan oo qashinka ah ayaa la xiray ama la dhimay wax soo saarka, hadda dhirta qashinka ayaa weli ah xisbiga ugu sarreeya," ayuu yiri gudaha warshadaha.
Waqtiga boostada: Mar-30-2023