Magic naadir ah hilibka dhulka: "Boqorka joogtada ah ee magnet" -netdydodhedoddium

birdlaaro

Neydeysmium, lambarka atomikada 60, miisaanka atomiyaha 144.24, oo leh waxa ku jira 0.00239% ee qolofka, inta badan waxay ku jiraan Monazit iyo Bastnasite. Waxaa jira toddobo noocyo ah oo ah nedoysmium-ka Dhalashada Praseymium, Neydeysmium wuxuu galay isagoo noqday. Imaatinka nedodeymium-ka wuxuu shaqeynayay garoonka dhulka dhif ah wuxuuna door muhiim ah ka ciyaaray.

Soo hel neyaashaymium

Karl Orvon Welsbach (1858-1929), daah-furka neddaymium

Sannadkii 1885, Cheisher Cheaster-ka Austrian Carl Orvon WelSbach Carl Auer von Welsbach ayaa ogaatay NewsMum ee Vienna. Wuxuu u kala soocay Newsymium iyo Praseymium oo ka soo jeeda Aaladda Noodmetric Neydmetric Agabkeenta oo kala sooca taitrawdrate tacric acid, oo isla mar ahaantaana loo kala soocay falanqaynta muuqaalka ah, laakiin looma kala soocin qaab saafi ah illaa 1925.

Laga soo bilaabo 1950-meeyadii, daahirsanaanta safka sare ee nyyodyyomium (in ka badan 99%) waxaa inta badan laga helay geedi socodka isdhaafsiga ion ee Monazit. Birta lafteedu waxay heshaa electrolyzing-ga oo kacsan milix. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, inta badan nexymium waxaa laga soo saaraa (CE, LA, ND, PR) Co3f ee Basta Nathanite oo lagu nadiifiyo soo saarista xalka. Ion sarriftaalka ah ee daahirinta ah ee daahirsanaanta ugu sareeya (sida caadiga ah> 99.99%) ee loogu talagalay in laga saaro tikniyoolajiyadda ugu dambeysa ee la soo saaray, oo ah midab buluug ah oo jilicsan iyo midab midab casaan ah ama oranji ah oo ka badan nooca nooca casriga ah.

Birta nedoysmium

News-ka macquulka ah ee macdanta leh ee birta leh, oo dhaleecee ah oo dhalaalaya oo ah 1024 ° C, cufnaanta 7.004 g / cm, iyo paramagnetism. Neydeysmium waa mid ka mid ah biraha dhulka ugu firfircoon, kuwaas oo si dhakhso ah uxun uxeeya oo mugdi ku jira, ka dibna ay sameeyaan lakabka okers ka dibna ka dib, ka dib u kaxaynta birta si loo sii daayo. Sidaa darteed, muunadda nexymium oo leh cabir hal sentimitir ah ayaa gebi ahaanba la xareeyay hal sano gudaheed. Waxay si tartiib tartiib ah ugu falcelisaa biyo qabow oo si dhakhso leh biyo kulul.

Qaabeynta elektaroonigga ah ee nedoymium

Qaabeynta elektiroonigga ah:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3s2 3s2 3D10 4p6 5s2 5s2 4D10 5S2 6S2 4F4 4S2 4F4

Waxqabadka laser ee nexyrim-ka waxaa sababa kala-guurka 4F elektrons-ka orbital ah ee u dhexeeya heerarka tamarta kala duwan. Qalabkan laser-ka waxaa si balaadhan loogu isticmaalaa isgaarsiinta, kaydinta macluumaadka, daaweynta, mashiinnada, iwm. Waxaa ka mid ah aluminium Garnet, oo loo yaqaan 'YD's Scandium-ka' Schium-ka 'Gaslium' oo leh wax qabad.

Codsiga neddayymium

Adeegsiga ugu weyn ee nexymium waa shey joogto ah oo magnet joogto ah. WDFEB Magnet waxaa loo yaqaan "boqorka magnetka joogtada ah" sababtoo ah badeecaddeeda tamarta magnetic magnetic. Waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa elektiroonigga, mashiinnada iyo warshadaha kale ee waxqabadka wanaagsan. Darbiga Francis, oo ah borofisar ku takhasusay macdanta macdanta ee lagu adeegsado Cumbertland Iskuulka Macdanta, ee Boqortooyada Midowday, ma jiraan wax lagu tartami karo NewsMometer-ka Belatic-ka oo muujinaya in astaamaha magnetic-ka ay muujineyso in astaamaha magnetic ee magnetic magnetes ee ay ku sugan yihiin Shiinaha ay galeen heerka fasalka adduunka.

Magnet-ka 'nedyymium magnet' on disk adag

Neydeysmium waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu sameeyo dhoobada, dhalada guduudka dhalaalaya, rucuble macmiil ah oo ku yaal laser iyo galaas gaar ah oo shaandhun dheellitiran. Waxaa loo isticmaalay si ay ula shaqeeyaan Praseymium si ay u sameeyaan goggles loogu talagalay dhalada galaaska.

Ku darista 1.5% ~ 2.5% nano nedoyymium ovide-ka ayaa loo fidiyaa magnesium ama aluminium's-ka ayaa hagaajin kara waxqabadka heerkulka sare, hawada hawada iyo iska caabbinta hawada iyo iska caabinta areossion ee areos-ka, oo si weyn ayaa loo isticmaalaa maadada hawada ee duulista.

Nano-yttrium Aluminium Garnet waxaay la gashay nano-nedoysmium oxide, oo si weyn loogu isticmaalo alxamida iyo goynta waxyaabaha khafiifka ah oo dhumucdu ka yar tahay 10mm ee ka hooseeya 10mm.

Nd: yag laser ur

Daaweynta caafimaad, Nano ytrium aluminium garnet laser laser oo ay weheliso nano nedoyymium oxide waxaa loo isticmaalaa in laga saaro nabarrada qalliinka ama jeermiska loo yaqaan 'Minticals'.

Glass neoysmium waxaa lagu sameeyaa iyada oo lagu daro nexyymium oviol galay dhalada dhalaalaysa. Lavender badanaa wuxuu ka muuqdaa galaas nexymium-ka hoostiisa qorraxda qorraxda ama gubashada, laakiin buluug khafiif ah ayaa ka hooseeya iftiinka laamiga ah ee iftiinka. Neydeysmium waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu dhajiyo hadhka jilicsan ee dhalada sida violet saafi ah, khamri casaan iyo cawlan diiran.

galaas nexyymium

Iyada oo la wanaajinayo horumarka sayniska iyo tikniyoolajiyadda iyo ballaarinta iyo kordhinta dhif iyo tikniyoolajiyada, nedoysmium-ka ayaa lahaan doona meel faafitaan ballaaran