Saynis yahanadu waxay samaysteen madal ay ku ururiyaan qaybaha walxaha nanosized, ama "nano-objects", oo ah noocyo aad u kala duwan - aan organic ama organic - qaab-dhismeedka 3-D ee la doonayo.In kasta oo is-ururinta (SA) si guul leh loogu isticmaalay habaynta nanomaterials noocyo kala duwan ah, geeddi-socodku waxa uu ahaa nidaam gaar ah, oo soo saaray qaab-dhismeedyo kala duwan oo ku salaysan sifooyinka asaasiga ah ee alaabta.Sida lagu sheegay warqad maanta lagu daabacay Qalabka Dabiiciga ah, madalkooda cusub ee DNA-programmable nanofabrication ayaa lagu dabaqi karaa si ay u habeeyaan noocyo kala duwan oo agab 3-D ah oo la mid ah siyaabaha loo qoondeeyay nanoscale (billionths of a meter), halkaas oo muuqaal gaar ah, kiimiko ah. iyo hanti kale ayaa soo baxaysa.
"Mid ka mid ah sababaha ugu waaweyn ee sababta SA aysan ahayn farsamada doorashada ee codsiyada la taaban karo ayaa ah in isla nidaamka SA aan lagu dabaqi karin agabyo kala duwan si loo abuuro 3-D isku mid ah oo laga dalbaday nanocomponents kala duwan," ayuu yiri qoraaga Oleg Gang. , Hogaamiyaha Kooxda Soft iyo Bio Nanomaterials ee Xarunta Nanomaterials Functional (CFN) - Waaxda Tamarta ee Maraykanka (DOE) Xafiiska Isticmaalaha Sayniska ee Brookhaven National Laboratory ee Columbia Engineering."Halkan, waxaan ka soo saarnay geeddi-socodkii SA ee alaabada agabka annagoo naqshadeynayna qaab-dhismeedka DNA-da polyhedral-ka adag kuwaas oo koobi kara walxo kala duwan oo aan dabiici ahayn ama organic nano, oo ay ku jiraan biraha, semiconductors, iyo xitaa borotiinnada iyo enzymes."
Saynis yahanadu waxa ay farsameeyeen qaab-dhismeedyada DNA-da synthetic ee qaabka cube, octahedron, iyo tetrahedron.Gudaha xayndaabyada waxaa ku jira DNA "gacmaha" oo kaliya walxaha nano-ka ee leh isku xigxiga DNA ee dhammaystirka ah ayaa ku xidhi kara.Voxels-ka maaddooyinkan - isdhexgalka qaabka DNA-da iyo nano-shay - waa dhismooyinka dhismaha kuwaas oo qaab-dhismeedka 3-D laga samayn karo.Fiimyadu way isku xidhan yihiin iyada oo aan loo eegin nooca nano-shayga gudaha ku jira (ama yaanu ahayn) marka loo eego taxanaha is-kaabaya ee lagu dhejiyay geesahooda.Iyada oo ku xidhan qaabkooda, looxyadu waxay leeyihiin tiro geeso kala duwan oo sidaas awgeed waxay sameeyaan qaab-dhismeedyo kala duwan.Shay kasta oo nano-sharaf ah oo lagu martigeliyo fiimyada waxay qaataan qaab-dhismeedkaas gaarka ah.
Si loo caddeeyo habka ay isugu yimaadaan, saynisyahannadu waxay doorteen macdan (dahab) iyo semiconducting (cadmium selenide) nanoparticles iyo borotiinka bakteeriyada (streptavidin) oo ah walxaha nano-organic iyo organic nano-shay si loogu dhejiyo gudaha DNA-da.Marka hore, waxay xaqiijiyeen daacadnimada qaab-dhismeedka DNA-da iyo samaynta voxels maaddooyinka iyaga oo sawiraya mikroskoobyada elektarooniga ah ee Xarunta CFN Electron Microscope Facility iyo Machadka Van Andel, kaas oo leh qalab qalab ah oo ka shaqeeya heerkulka cryogenic ee shaybaarada noolaha.Kadibna waxay baareen qaab dhismeedka shabagga 3-D ee Isku-xidhka Hard Raajada Isku-dhafka ah iyo Walxaha Isku-dhafka ah ee Xadhkaha goosashada ee Isha Isku-xidhka Iftiinka Qaranka II (NSLS-II) - Xafiiska DOE ee Xarunta Isticmaalaha Sayniska ee Brookhaven Lab.Columbia Engineering Bykhovsky Professor of Chemical Engineering Sanat Kumar iyo kooxdiisu waxay sameeyeen qaabayn xisaabeed muujinaya in qaab dhismeedka lattice ee tijaabada ah lagu arkay (oo ku salaysan qaababka kala firdhisan ee raajada) ay ahaayeen kuwa ugu xasiloon heerkulbeegyada ay samayn karaan voxels walaxda.
"Voxels-yadani waxay noo oggolaanayaan inaan bilowno isticmaalka fikradaha laga soo qaatay atamka (iyo molecules) iyo crystals in ay sameeyaan, oo ay u gudbiyaan aqoontan ballaaran iyo xogta xogta nidaamyada xiisaha ee nanoscale," ayuu yiri Kumar.
Ardeyda gangaska ee Columbia waxay markaas muujiyeen sida goobta kulanka loogu isticmaali karo abaabulka laba nooc oo agabyo kala duwan leh oo leh hawlo kiimiko iyo muuqaal ah.Hal kiis, waxay wada ururiyeen laba enzymes, iyagoo abuuraya hannaan 3-D ah oo leh cufnaanta baakad sare.In kasta oo enzymes-ku ay kiimikaad ahaan isbeddelin, haddana waxay muujiyeen ilaa afar laab korodhka dhaqdhaqaaqa enzymatic.Kuwan "nanoreactors" waxa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu maamulo falcelinta cascade oo awood loo yeesho samaynta walxaha kimikalka leh.Muujinta walxaha indhaha, waxay isku qaseen laba midab oo kala duwan oo dhibco quantum ah - nanocrystals yar yar oo loo isticmaalo in lagu sameeyo bandhigyo telefishan oo leh midab sare iyo dhalaal.Sawirada lagu qabtay mikroskoob-ka fluorescence ayaa muujiyay in shabagga la sameeyay ay ilaaliyeen nadiifnimada midabka ka hooseeya xadka kala-duwanaanta (wavelong) ee iftiinka;hantidaani waxay u oggolaan kartaa hagaajinta xallinta muhiimka ah ee bandhigyada kala duwan iyo teknoolojiyadda isgaarsiinta indhaha.
"Waxaan u baahanahay inaan dib uga fikirno sida alaabta loo samayn karo iyo sida ay u shaqeeyaan," ayuu yidhi Gang."Dib-u-qaabaynta alaabta lagama yaabo inay daruuri noqoto;Si fudud ugu baakaynta agabka jira siyaabo cusub waxay kor u qaadi kartaa hantidooda.Sida suurtogalka ah, madalkeennu waxa uu noqon karaa tignoolajiyada awood u siinaya 'ka baxsan wax soo saarka daabacaadda 3-D' si loo xakameeyo agabka miisaan yar oo kala duwan iyo qaabab naqshadaysan.Isticmaalka qaab isku mid ah si aad u sameysid xargaha 3-D ee laga helo walxaha nano-waxyaabaha kala duwan ee kala duwan, isku-dhafka kuwa haddii kale loo tixgelinayo inaysan socon karin, waxay bedeli kartaa nanomanufacturing."
Qalabka ay bixiso DOE/Brookhaven Shaybaadhka QarankaXusuusin: Waxa laga yaabaa in loo tafatiro qaabka iyo dhererka.
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Waqtiga boostada: Jul-04-2022