Neodymium, curiyaha 60 ee shaxda xilliyeedka.
Neodymium waxa uu la xidhiidha praseodymium, labadooduba waa Lanthanide oo leh sifooyin isku mid ah.Sanadkii 1885, ka dib markii farmashiyaha Swedish Mosander helay isku dar ahlanthanumiyo praseodymium iyo neodymium, Australiyaanka Welsbach waxay si guul leh u kala saareen laba nooc oo "dhul naadir ah": neodymium oxide iyopraseodymium oxide, ugu dambayntiina way kala tageenneodymiumiyopraseodymiumiyaga ka yimid.
Neodymium, bir cad oo lacag ah oo leh sifooyin kiimiko oo firfircoon, waxay si degdeg ah u oksijiyeen hawada;Si la mid ah praseodymium, waxay si tartiib tartiib ah uga falcelisaa biyaha qabow waxayna si dhakhso ah u sii daysaa gaasta hydrogen ee biyaha kulul.Neodymium waxa uu leeyahay wax yar oo ku jira qolofka dhulka waxana uu inta badan ku jiraa monazite iyo bastnaesite, oo leh badnida labaad ee kaliya ee cerium.
Neodymium waxa inta badan loo isticmaali jiray midabaynta galaaska qarnigii 19-aad.Goormaneodymium oxidewaxaa lagu dhalaalay galaas, waxay soo saari doontaa habab kala duwan oo u dhexeeya casaan diirran ilaa buluug iyadoo ku xiran isha iftiinka ambient.Ha dhayalsan galaaska gaarka ah ee ion neodymium ee loo yaqaan “glaas neodymium”.Waa "wadnaha" laysarka, tayadiisuna waxay si toos ah u go'aaminaysaa awoodda iyo tayada tamarta wax soo saarka qalabka laysarka.Hadda waxa loo yaqaana laydhka ka shaqeeya Dhulka kaas oo soo saari kara tamarta ugu badan.ions neodymium ee galaaska neodymium waa furaha kor iyo hoos ee "sare" ee heerarka tamarta iyo samaynta laser tamarta ugu badan inta lagu guda jiro geeddi-socodka ballaaran ee kala guurka, taas oo xoojin karta heerka nanojoule ee dayacan 10-9 tamarta laser ilaa heerka "qorraxda yar".Aaladda fiyuuska muraayadda neodymium ee adduunka ugu weyn, Aaladda Ignition Device ee Maraykanka, ayaa sare u qaaday tignoolajiyada dhalaalka joogtada ah ee galaaska neodymium heer cusub waxaana lagu taxay todobada mucjiso ee tignoolajiyada ugu sareysa dalka.1964kii, Machadka Shaaniga ee Optics iyo Mechanics Fine ee Akadeemiyada Sayniska ee Shiinaha ayaa bilaabay cilmi-baarista afarta teknooloji ee muhiimka ah ee dhalaalidda joogtada ah, nuugista saxda ah, ciribtirka iyo tijaabinta muraayadda neodymium.Tobanaan sano oo sahan ah ka dib, horumar weyn ayaa ugu dambeyntii la sameeyay tobankii sano ee la soo dhaafay.Kooxda Hu Lili waa kuwii ugu horreeyay ee adduunka ah ee xaqiijiya aaladda aadka u daran ee Shanghai oo leh qalab laser gaaban oo 10 watt ah.Udub dhexaadkeedu waa in uu aqoonsado tignoolajiyada muhiimka ah ee wax soo saarka dufcadda galaas ee laser-ka weyn iyo waxqabadka sare.Sidaa darteed, Machadka Shiinaha ee Sayniska ee Shanghai ee Optics iyo Mashiinnada Saxda ah ayaa noqday hay'addii ugu horreysay ee adduunka si madax-bannaan u barata tignoolajiyada wax-soo-saarka buuxa ee qaybaha muraayadaha Nd laser.
Neodymium sidoo kale waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu sameeyo magnet joogto ah ugu awoodda badan - neodymium iron boron alloy.Neodymium iron boron alloy wuxuu ahaa abaal marin culus oo ay Japan bixisay 1980-meeyadii si ay u jebiso kelitaliska General Motors ee Maraykanka.Saynisyahanka casriga ah Masato Zuokawa waxa uu ikhtiraacay nooc cusub oo birlab joogto ah, kaas oo ah magnet alloy ka kooban saddex walxood: neodymium, iron, iyo boron.Saynis yahanada Shiinaha ayaa sidoo kale abuuray hab sintering cusub, isticmaalaya sintering induction kululaynta sintering halkii sintering dhaqameed iyo kulaylka, si ay u gaaraan cufnaanta sintering ah in ka badan 95% ee qiimaha aragtida ee magnetka, taas oo ka fogaan kartaa koritaanka hadhuudhka xad-dhaaf ah ee magnetka, gaabin wareegga wax-soo-saarka, iyo si waafaqsan dhimista kharashka wax-soo-saarka.
Waqtiga boostada: Agoosto-01-2023